Joint Clinical Research Centre

Acronymn	Study Name	Study Type	Brief description
A5207		Clinical Trial	This ACTG study is investigating various approaches to PMTCT, particularly the benefit of by the introduction of extended use of NRTIs and or a Boosted PI, in the prevention of ART resistance that has previously been observed in PMTCT interventions that rely on Single dose Nevirapine.
A5208		Clinical Trial	This is also known as the MOMs Study, investigating the optimal first line ART regimen for women that were previously exposed to Single dose nevirapine during labour.
A5221		Clinical Trial	This study is investigating the optimal time for the initiation of ART among previously ART-Naive patients that present with active tuberculosis.
A5234		Clinical Trial	This is an intervention study to evaluate the added benefit of trained treatment support partners to supervise ART at home, for patients initiating second line ART after failure of the first line. It is conducted in limited ACTG sites.
ARROW Trial	Antiretroviral Research for Watoto	Clinical Trial	This is a paediatric study investing the monitoring strategy of ART among children in resource limited settings. This study also investigates the role of Intensification ART using an induction strategy similar to what is used in TB treatment.
ART-A Project	Field Evaluation of Affordable Resistance Testing in African Laboratory Settings	Laboratory - based Observational	The aim of this project is to develop and evaluate affordable, subtype-independent assays for use in monitoring HIV drug resistance in Africa.
Study 29		Observational	The aim is to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and safety of an experimental intensive phase tuberculosis treatment regimen in which rifapentine is substituted for rifampin.
TB-IRIS study		Cohort	The overall aim of this study is to understand the pathogenesis of TB-IRIS, and to define it's determinants by conducting a comprehensive investigation of clinical, virological, immunological and molecular parameters in a cohort of HIV-infected patients with different levels of exposure to TB. The Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) is an undesirable effect of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected patients. We postulate that TB-IRIS occurs when immunity is unevenly reconstituted after ART and in the presence of a high burden of M tuberculosis antigens.
Viral Fitness Study	In vitro analysis of HIV fitness and evolution in newly HIV infected women	Cohort	This study is being done to investigate the effects of HIV determinants (measured in-vitro) on HIV-infected Ugandan and Zimbabwean women who seroconvert while participating in the Hormonal Contraception and the Risk of HIV Acquisition study.
Damaged niche study		Observational	This study is investigating the extent of fibrosis in the lymph nodes and the gut, among HIV positive individuals prior to ART and after one year of ART. The study has a baseline comparator group of HIV-Negative individuals.